Electrical & Electronics
The first motorcycles in the world with adaptive xenon headlight for even greater safety at night.
With the new K 1600 models, the first ever "Adaptive Headlight" option is available ex works in the motorcycle area as a supplement to the standard xenon headlamp.
The low beam unit fitted as standard in the main headlamp consists of a centrally positioned, movable xenon project module with reflector mirror. Ride height sensors at the front and rear axle provide data for permanent headlamp levelling. Due to the pitch compensation function, the headlamp also sheds light in the optimum set area when the motorcycle is travelling straight ahead, regardless of riding and load conditions.
The optional extra "Adaptive Headlight" also features a servomotor which turns the standard static reflector mirror into a swivel mirror. In relation to the banking angle the mirror is then turned on an axis and compensates for the roll angle of the vehicle. In addition to pitch compensation, the low beam light of the main headlamp is also balanced in relation to the banking angle. The two movements are superimposed, resulting in light being directed into the bend. This produces significantly improved illumination of the road when cornering and therefore an enormous increase in active riding safety.
Calculation of the vehicle's banking angle is carried out by means of a centrally positioned sensor box, as already used in BMW Motorrad's supersports bike, the S 1000 RR. The information is distributed via CAN bus and used by the traction control system DTC as well as ABS. The complex algorithms used here were developed entirely by BMW Motorrad.
The high beam circular headlamps positioned to the right and left of the xenon module with fibre optic rings give the K 1600 GT an K 1600 GTL a striking "face". And for the first time, BMW Motorrad uses the side lights so characteristic of BMW automobiles.
LED additional headlamp and ground lighting as a special equipment feature ex works.
For even further increased light efficiency, BMW Motorrad offers additional LED headlamps for the K 1600 GT and K 1600 GTL which are mounted at the side below the fairing (K 1600 GTL special equipment feature ex works; available for both models as a special accessory). In addition to improved illumination of the road, the combination of xenon headlamp and LED additional headlamps also gives the K 1600 models a distinctive, unmistakable front view at night. Another highlight is the ground lighting, available as a special accessory. When the remote control is activated for central locking (option) and the ignition key is removed, the lights remain on for a certain period of time.
New vehicle electrical system with partitioning of functions for even greater flexibility.
The BMW K 1600 GT and K 1600 GTL are the first BMW motorcycles to be fitted with the new 2010 vehicle electrical system. It is based on the previous system but features a modified partitioning of functions.
As before, it offers significantly reduced wiring as compared to a conventional system by means of CAN bus technology (Controller Area Network). Within this network, information is only relayed via a single signal path. This also reduces the potential error sources that may occur in conventional vehicle electrical systems due to the quantity of wiring and the numerous plug connectors - a key factor in ensuring all-round reliability.
As part of the further development process in creating the 2010 vehicle electrical system, the existing central frame and suspension electronics were divided into three separate control units. One control unit performs all the basic functions to be found in every BMW motorcycle.
Over and above this there are so-called functional satellites which take care of the specialised functions. For example there is a second control unit for all functions specific to touring bikes such as windshield adjustment, seat heating and the additional headlamp, while a third control unit comprises all ESA II functions. This partitioning of functions provides a high degree of flexibility and allows the simple extension and adaptation of functions in the future. 9
Communication network and central diagnosis.
Including the alarm system, ABS and DTC there are a total of 16 control units which form a communication network in which data can be exchanged. This means a simple, comprehensive diagnosis of the entire system can be carried out centrally. The electronic system filters out unimportant data and interference signals within a defined tolerance and makes the system largely impervious to disruption such as electromagnetic interference. The digital engine electronics control unit (BMS-X) is not only responsible for engine control as described in the "Powertrain" section but also relays all data to the workshop diagnosis device.
Electrically adjustable windshield with electronically controlled anti-trap mechanism.
The electrical windshield adjustment with memory function is controlled from the functional satellite and for the first time has an electronically controlled anti-trap mechanism. The system monitors the current intensity of the servomotor. If the current intensity increases before the windshield has reached its final position, the windshield automatically retracts. This prevents trapping between the windshield and upper fairing section. At the same time, when it is lowered the windshield acts as an anti-theft guard for the optionally available navigation system BMW Motorrad Navigator IV.
Extended tyre pressure control (RDC) with gradient monitoring.
For use in the K 1600 GT and K 1600 GTL, RDC (tyre pressure control) - optionally available ex works - has now been fitted with a new, lighter and more compact receiver control unit and new wheel sensors. In addition to the existing warning threshold for tyre air pressure, the new control unit also enables gradient monitoring. For example a marked pressure loss occurring even before the critical threshold point is reached results in a warning being activated, thus offering even greater safety in this area.
Electronic immobiliser (EWS) for top-level anti-theft protection.
The K 1600 models are fitted as standard with an electronic immobiliser (EWS). Controlled by a transponder integrated into the key, thiefproofing is activated at the same level as that of BMW automobiles. When the ignition 0
key is inserted in the ignition lock and the ignition is switched on, a ring aerial integrated in the ignition lock allows a chip in the key to communicate with the digital engine control where the EWS algorithms are stored.
By means of a so-called "Challenge Response Procedure" (the engine control unit issues a randomly generated figure - the "challenge" - and the ring aerial and key answer with the required match - the "response" - so as to authenticate identity), there is an exchange between the coded chip data and the EWS data which is subject to continuous change. If the responses of the ring aerial corresponds to the "questions" asked, the engine control unit releases the ignition and fuel injection and the vehicle can be started.
Central locking in conjunction with alarm system (DWA) for maximum comfort and thiefproofing.
Additional safety over and above the standard immobiliser is provided by the central locking system available as an option ex works in conjunction with the alarm system (DWA - also optional ex works). Here the locks of the storage compartments, panniers and topcase are electrically opened and locked. The central locking is activated via a switch on the handlebars or by means of a newly designed remote control.
Extended electrical switch units.
The new generation of switch units familiar from the K and S series is used in the K 1600 models. These switch units are very small and compact and feature a high degree of functionality, a clearly structured design and optimum reachability.
The function for the left and right direction indicators are clustered on the left-hand side of the handlebars. The hazard warning flashers are activated via a separate, clearly visible switch at the top of the left-hand handlebar fitting. The functions for low beam, high beam and headlamp flasher are combined in a switch which is located near the left index finger for convenient access.
The functions for starter and kill switch are conveniently combined in a rocker switch. If the kill switch is activated by mistake, this prevents the starter from being triggered when the ignition is not switched on, thereby discharging the battery. 1
There are five settings for grip heating and rider seat heating which are selected using the Multi-Controller. The seat heating for the pillion passenger is activated by means of a switch placed to the left of the seat for convenient access. This enables individual activation of the heating by the passenger independently of the rider. The status display for the heating elements is shown by means of symbols in the TFT colour display in the instrument panel.
LED rear light in clear glass look.
The BMW K 1600 GT and BMW K 1600 GTL are fitted with an LED rear light in the clear glass look. The use of LED technology instead of conventional filament bulbs guarantees error-free and maintenance-free operation and significantly extends lifetime.
Integrated operating concept with Multi-Controller, TFT colour screen and menu guidance for the first time.
The instrument panel of the K 1600 models comprises two classic circular instruments for speedometer and tachometer and a 5.7-inch TFT colour display. The design of the information display is also completely new in the motorcycle field. Among other things it enables the attractive presentation of text and graphics over several lines and offers a high level of light density. The entire instrument unit is controlled by a photovoltaic cell and automatically adapts to environmental brightness, ensuring excellent readability.
Another world first in the motorcycle field is the Multi-Controller as part of an integrated operating concept, first introduced in the BMW R 1200 RT at the end of 2009. Positioned on the inner side of the left-hand handlebar grip and therefore always within optimum reach, it replaces the functional unit previously installed on the handlebars. The significant advantage of the Multi-Controller as compared to a cluster of operating buttons is that the rider's hand can remain on the handlebars. Operation is carried out by turning up and down as well as toggling to the left/right. Unlike a key pad, this means that it is possible to activate the controls without taking your eyes off the road.
The functional range of the Multi-Controller has been significantly expanded for use in the new touring bikes. In addition to operating the audio system, it is also possible to select other functions with the Multi-Controller with reference 2
to the menus shown on the TFT colour display. This means that the on-board computer, ESA II, the navigation system and the grip and seat heating can all be operated in this way. What is more, the set-up menu can be used to configure settings specific to both rider and vehicle. For example, different languages are available as is adaptation of the xenon headlamp to riding on the right-hand or left-hand side of the road.
The menu structure has been specially developed for the particular demands of motorcycling and optimised based on user tests. For reasons of safety, flat hierarchies are used to do away with the need for complex clicking through sub-menus during travel. During travel the number of functions whoch can be controlled are reduced even further. The rider has the option to program his or her most important function onto a bookmark button, providing direct access to this menu (e.g. navigation system) at all times. This made it possible to reduce the large numbers of buttons as compared to competitor solutions to a reasonable level while at the same time improving operating convenience.
Audio system with extended range of functions.
The audio system itself has also been newly conceived. It provides interfaces for MP3 players, iPod and USB stick as well as for conventional audio devices via an AUX input. These are housed to the right in the fairing and are available for the K 1600 GT as a special equipment feature ex works, while the K 1600 GTL has them fitted as standard. With USB/MP3 and iPod it is possible manage a number of playlists by artist, genre etc. Alternatively, all titles can be played randomly. The selected volume level and current title are shown on the TFT colour display. The external devices can be housed in a lockable, waterproof storage compartment in the interior trim on the right where they are excellently protected from the weather. They are operated using the Multi-Controller and the radio control panel with just four buttons.
The radio function features a double tuner which permits continuous station updates. An auto store function allows twelve stations to be saved automatically. Another twelve stations can be stored manually by the rider. If desired, traffic news can be relayed even when listening to non-TMC stations. The version for the USA and Canada also includes the satellite radio Sirius XM. The current channel is shown on the TFT colour screen. The speed-related volume control function can be set at three different levels. In addition to the functions provided by the Multi-Controller, the audio system can also be operated by four buttons in the interior trim on the left (audio control unit).
The Bluetooth function of the audio system allows audio, telephone and navigation signals to be transmitted to rider and passenger helmet speakers. A special comfort feature is also offered by the Multi-Controller: the volume of the helmet speakers can be controlled without taking one's hands away from the handlebars.
Navigation system integrated into the vehicle electrical system
The BMW Motorrad Navigator IV available as a special accessory is integrated in the vehicle electrical system if the customer chooses the special equipment features "Audio system and preparation for navigation unit", "Preparation for audio system and navigation unit" or "Preparation for navigation unit", available ex works for the K 1600 GT (the K 1600 GT is fitted as standard with the audio system and navigation unit preparation). This means that the most important functions such as zoom or voice instruction can be operated using the Multi-Controller, so the rider's hands can stay on the handlebars.
Data is also exchanged between the navigation system and the vehicle electrical system. For example, the navigation system automatically relays the date and time to the instrument panel or suggests the nearest filling station after a certain individually adjustable residual range has been reached. The TMC data of the audio platform also enables dynamic routing so as to avoid congested traffic. Voice instructions from the BMW Motorrad Navigator IV can be played through the audio platform if desired.
The navigation unit can be left in the vehicle when it is parked: the windshield provides reliable thiefproofing when lowered. Alternatively the BMW Motorrad Navigator IV can be removed and used for route planning or as a city guide.