A little-known fact (except by rabid race fans and readers of this magazine) regarding the Repsol Honda MotoGP team: The RC211V racebikes that World Champion Nicky Hayden and teammate Dani Pedrosa rode during the '06 season were not the same. While Pedrosa was riding what was basically an '05 211V with minor chassis and engine updates (even though HRC termed it the '06 Original version), Hayden was pressured to ride the heavily revised New Generation model featuring a completely new engine and chassis that was the basis for the company's latest RC212V 800cc MotoGP machine.
In short, Hayden ended up being a test rider of sorts. While MotoGP rookie Pedrosa and other Honda satellite team riders like Fortuna Honda's Marco Melandri and Toni Elias quickly grabbed victories during the season on the well-sorted '05 RCV, Hayden struggled with a number of teething problems on the '06 model (the most publicized being a recalcitrant clutch that wasn't fixed until the penultimate round in Portugal) that nearly undermined his ultimately successful championship campaign. Interestingly, HRC officials admitted at the fourth round of the '06 MotoGP championship (held at Shanghai, China) that the New Generation model was brought into service a little prematurely and that it didn't yet have the potential to win races-this before admitting later in the year that Hayden had been riding the bike from the season's start.
Thus we flew into Valencia after the final GP of the season eager to sample the same machine that took Hayden to the title. Unfortunately, Honda Europe apparently had a large number of people clamoring to ride the bike, and for various reasons we were stuck with riding Pedrosa's updated '05 machine. Beggars can't be choosers, however, so we weren't exactly going to pass on the opportunity. With '06 being the last year for the 990cc RC211V in any form, yours truly was still glad to have the chance to ride the Honda before it shrank to the mandated 800cc displacement limit for '07.
Evolution Of The Species
Introduced in '02, Honda's choice of a 75.5-degree V-5 engine configuration for the RC211V followed the company's typical penchant for different but innovative engineering. Instead of using a 90-degree V-angle for better primary balance like Ducati, Honda's narrower vee enabled HRC engineers more freedom to position the engine for optimum handling, while the fifth-cylinder throw acted as a counterbalancer, eliminating the need for a power-robbing secondary balancer. Another unique aspect of the engine was its semi-dry-sump oiling system; the crankshaft area is sealed off as a separate chamber, and a scavenge pump uses the transmission cavity as an oil reservoir. This setup offers numerous benefits over conventional wet- and dry-sump designs, including less pumping losses and blow-by into the combustion chamber, a more stable oil level and a stronger and more compact crankcase construction. The Unit Pro-Link rear suspension also made its debut, which featured the top shock mount encased in the swingarm instead of the frame.
The next-generation '03 RC211V featured 10 percent more power by way of combustion chamber, cam timing and other modifications, along with a higher rpm ceiling. To reduce engine compression braking during corner entry, ECU-controlled solenoid valves bled air past the throttle plates when the system detected rear-wheel lockup. The exhaust was changed from a twin-exit system to a triple-exit system, resulting in improvements in lower-rpm torque. Chassis-wise, the precursor to the HESD (Honda Electronic Steering Damper) found on current CBR production sportbikes made its debut, along with subtle changes to the chassis and swingarm aimed at better cornering feel, and aerodynamic revisions to the fairing.
With the introduction of the '04 RC211V, it's widely accepted (although never officially confirmed by HRC) that the engine went to a more oversquare configuration to boost power, resulting in a five-percent increase in top-end horsepower along with the side benefit of a five-percent reduction in fuel consumption. Overall power and torque characteristics were smoothed out with the switch from the previous 5-into-3 exhaust to a 5-into-4 exhaust system.
This front cylinder head shot shws the gear-driven overhead camshafts. | 
2006 RC211V Original | 
The New Generation RC211V engine is more compact than the Original '06. |
In an effort to control the ever-increasing power of the RC211V, HRC introduced the Honda Intelligent Throttle Control System, a semimechanical/electronic forerunner to the now-common fly-by-wire throttle systems on MotoGP bikes. The twist-grip throttle cables rotated a throttle linkage shaft attached to a tiny planetary gear setup controlled by an ECU-actuated servo motor. The system would modify the amount of throttle-valve movement according to the gear selected, preventing excessive power in the lower gears. However, it was widely rumored that many of the Honda riders disliked the system, complaining that it affected the engine power too much.
Chassis changes included a new "reversed" Unit Pro-Link design that switched the rear shock linkage from the bottom to the top of the swingarm, freeing up space down below for the exhaust and offering several load geometry advantages (see Art & Science, Sept. '04). More wind-tunnel work resulted in a more steeply canted windscreen, plus modified hand guards and ram-air intake duct areas that produced a front fairing with five-percent-better aerodynamics.
Officially, there weren't any major changes to the engine for '05, other than a number of minor tweaks to extract five percent more power. However, trackside observers remarked that the RC211V's engine note changed, as if the crankshaft firing order had been modified slightly. Also, for the first time HRC offered riders the choice of frames with different swingarm pivot heights, as well as adjustable steering-head angle via eccentric spacers. The Unit Pro-Link rear suspension also reverted back to the '03 setup featuring the linkage on the bottom of the swingarm.
For '06, the aforementioned twin development paths for the RC211V ridden by Hayden and the Original '06 model piloted by the rest of the Honda riders meant some updates were shared between the two bikes. A good example is the revised HITCS; rather than "partially" control all five throttle plates like the original version, the second-generation unit has complete electronic control of only the two rear cylinder throttle plates. The New Generation model's engine, however, is much more compact than the previous iteration, allowing HRC engineers to design a smaller chassis with a longer swingarm for improved rear suspension action.
Refined and Balanced
Word filtering through the paddock was that HRC had trimmed about 10 percent of the RC211V's power for the journalist rides. If that was truly the case, then the Hondas are definitely not lacking in top-end power; Pedrosa's bike offered up ample straightline speed, with the V-5 engine really coming alive at 12,000 rpm and making monster power all the way to the rev limiter at 16,500 rpm.
And yet, in typical Honda fashion, the RC211V's overall character is anything but a monster. Like all its production bikes, the Honda simply feels like the most refined and balanced racing machine in the MotoGP paddock. The RC211V has a smaller overall feel than the other MotoGP machines, and despite the somewhat cramped riding position forced by Pedrosa's small stature (the rear-set footpegs are set so high, I initially couldn't find them with my feet when I hopped on), it still feels natural and comfortable while snapping toward an apex. Steering was quick and precise, yet with a neutrality that never made me feel like I had to be careful with my inputs. With my heavier weight and definitely slower speeds than Pedrosa, the suspension settings seemed perfect to me, providing excellent traction feedback from both ends at all times.
Pedrosa's bike offered up ample straightline speed, with the V-5 engine coming alive at 12,000 rpm.
The Honda had the smoothest torque curve of all the MotoGP machines I rode at Valencia, making great drives off corners more fun than trepidant. Making the ride even more enjoyable was the excellent wheelie control that kept the front end hovering about six inches off the ground and the bike driving forward no matter how aggressive I was with the throttle (although I'm sure if you tried, long and endless wheelies could easily be attained, judging by the numerous photos of Hayden balanced high on the rear wheel). The Honda was the only bike I rode that didn't make me feel as if my forehead would have a permanent dent from being slammed by the windscreen on every upshift down the front straight.
The RC211V's appetite for straights is thankfully matched by the performance of its Brembo carbon brakes. Pedrosa apparently prefers that his brakes be crisp and fairly low-effort-just the way I like them. Power, progressiveness and feel were superb, allowing me to scrub off the serious speeds generated by the 260-horsepower engine and then trail-brake deep into the corner to conserve momentum. The slipper-clutch system was set up for Pedrosa's high-corner-entrance-speed style as well, permitting deep corner entries with nary a hint of rear-wheel lockup, although strangely it would sometimes chatter on the approach to Valencia's Turn 2, the slowest corner on the circuit.
Proven Performance
With such hospitable performance, it's easy to see how Pedrosa and the other satellite Honda team riders racked up the number of wins they did during the season. While Hayden had to contend with developing a completely new machine, the other Honda riders could depend on the race-proven '05 platform (with numerous updates) that surely had a voluminous amount of setup information to refer to when dialing in their bikes. And yet on the other hand, it's also not too difficult to assume that the New Generation machine that Hayden rode wasn't too far off from this standard of performance as well. Honda hasn't built its reputation for title-winning speed and handling out of thin air.